About Jesus     Steve Sweetman

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ch. 5:1-12     ch. 5:12-14

 

To Elders And Young Men (5:1 - 11)

 

Peter opens this chapter by saying, “to the elders among you, I appeal as a fellow elder”.  Peter is now speaking directly to the elders of the various churches that may read this letter.  Elders where those in the body who were called to take care of God’s people.  In this instance, Christians were beginning to feel the pain of unjust suffering from all sides and encouragement. 

 

Peter appeals on the basis of him being an elder as well.  If we take Peter at his word, then he must have been an elder in a particular church, as well as an apostle that went out from the church to preach the gospel.  It might be possible, and I stress "possible" that Peter might have viewed himself as an elder at large, that is, for the churches he was associated with.  This is just speculation though.  We should also note that Peter’s appeal was not based on any place of authority that he had over these local elders.  Translocal authority was not really something that was clearly defined in these days, or so I believe.

 

Peter based his appeal on 2 other things.  They were the fact that he actually saw the suffering of Jesus, and that he will also share in the glory to come.  Of course, the elders will share in this glory as well, but these elders did not actually see Jesus die on the cross as Peter did. Peter, like Paul, appeals to his fellow believers, but not on the basis of special higher ranking in the church.

 

So what does Peter tell these elders.  He tells them to be “shepherds of God’s flock that is under your care”.  (ch. 5:2)  Two points to be made here.  One is, part of an elders job is to shepherd the flock.  This simply means to look after and care for God’s flock.  The second point is that the flock is “under their care”.  The flock does not belong to the elders. The flock belongs to God, and the elders simply  cares for the flock. 

 

Note also that Peter says that the flock is under their care.  He did not say that the flock is under their authority.  Too often Christian leaders have seen their position in the church as one of great authority, and there is a measure of authority in their responsibility.  Yet more than the authority is the care.  Pastors need to know that the people of God are under their care, not necessarily under their heavy handed authority.

 

Peter continues by using the phrase, “serving as overseers”.  An overseer is an elder, shepherd, or pastor.  All 4 words are used for the same task in the New Testament  Note, part of their job is “to serve”.  Jesus has clearly said that church leaders are not to be as leaders of the world.  They are not to exercise authority in the same way secular leaders do.  Elders really are servants, not dictators.

 

He then goes on to say that elders must serve, “not because they must, but because they are willing”.  There must be am eager willingness on the part of an elder to serve.  If there isn’t, then he most likely should not be an elder.  Paul felt that he had no other choice but to serve God and His people, yet at the same time he was very willing and eager to do God’s work.  If you are doing God’s work and you are always finding it a drudgery, then you are most likely out of God’s will.

 

“Not greedy for money, but ready to serve”, Peter says.  Elders got some kind of financial remuneration for their serving.  How much they got, and how often, I really don’t know.  I don’t think anyone really knows.  But Peter says that you should not be doing the work of an elder for the money.  Being an elder is not a career choice like being a lawyer.  It is a calling from the Lord, and whether you get paid lots or little, that should not be the determining factor in you doing the work of an elder.

 

Peter continues to say, “not lording it over those who are entrusted to you”.  The secular dictators of the day lorded it over the people.  They were dictators.  Elders are not to be dictators.  They are “care workers” of those God has “entrusted” them with.  Note the word “entrusted”.  This means that the people belong to God, and God has chosen the elders to care for His people. 

 

Instead of “lording it over” God’s people elders are to be examples. (ch. 5:3)  This should always be true with any leadership situation.  If you are not a good example, then how can you motivate others to follow your leadership.  You might as well not be a leader.

 

Peter says that if you as an elder do well then when the “Chief Shepherd” appears you will receive a crown of glory.  Whatever this crown is, it is a reward for doing good.  This tells us that we do receive rewards once we get to Heaven.

 

Also note once again that Jesus is called the Chief Shepherd, meaning that all earthly shepherds are under the Chief Shepherd’s authority..

 

In verse 5 Peter now begins to speak to “young men” and tells them to be “submissive” to those men who are older.  Peter is telling young men that they should respect and learn from those who have had more experience in life.  This should be the way in the church today, but it's really not.  Generational conflict for the most part causes this not to happen.  

 

Then Peter says that everyone should live humbly towards one another because “God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble”. This is a direct quote from Prov. 3:34.  We note again, even though Peter was an unlearned man, he still knew the Scriptures.

 

We should note again that God does oppose people.  In this case He opposes the proud. My guess is that He opposes both individual proud people and proud nations.  The idea that God opposes anyone is foreign to our generation and secular thinking.

 

In verse 6 Peter says that if you indeed humble yourself before God, “He will lift you up in due time.  It is my thinking that “due time” most likely refers to the return of Jesus. If it means some future time in one’s earthly life, and not in the resurrected life, it would suggest that God is the one who does the lifting up. “Lift you up” may refer to a position in society, or it may be as simple as lifting one’s spirits.  These first century Christians had much to worry and be concerned about.  I would imagine at times their spirits would be quite low, but if they would still live in humility, not putting themselves first, then God would lift their spirits.

 

Pride is the original sin of satan.  It is humanity's sin as well.  Pride should have no place in the life of the Christian or the church, but in today's church, there is much pride.  God will surely deal with this. 

 

Peter then says, “cast all your anxieties on Him for He cares for you”.  I see this verse clearer than ever because of its context of this letter.  These Christians had all sorts of anxieties.  Many were most likely anxious even for their very life.  Peter says to throw these anxieties on to Jesus, because He cares for you.  The process of casting one’s cares on Jesus is hard at times.  This casting is really trusting Jesus.  When anxieties come, turn to Jesus in trust, and let Him help you.  Yet those Peter was talking to had to really trust Jesus. They had to trust Him that He would be with them after death, because that is what would probably happen to them. 

 

In verse 8 Peter says to be self-controlled and alert”. This means that we should be in control of our circumstances, and alert to things that are happening around us as Christians.  We tend not to be alert but our attention too often is focused on so many other things that our spiritual alertness is pushed to the side. 

 

The reason why we should be alert and in charge of our lives is because the “devil prowls around like a roaring lion looking for someone to devour”.  If you have ever been to a zoo and seen a hungry lion waiting for his supper, you will see him prowling around, waiting in anticipation for his evening meal.  Anyone or anything that would get in his way during this time of prowling may find himself in the lions mouth.  This is how Peter explains the tactics of the devil.  He is like a hungry lion, prowling around, looking for some food to devour.  You and I are that food.  We need to be alert to his prowling.  There are all sorts of instances within a life that would suggest the prowling of the devil.  Many churches split over such prowling.  Bitterness, self promotion, and other things creep in and divide the church.  This might be seen as hunger pangs from the devil.  When we give into these things, the devil devours the work of God, which includes us.

 

Peter is very much aware of the devil.  Some in the church believe that the devil has little power in today’s world, and don’t think we should think much about the devil, and when we do, it is considered being negative.  But Peter points out to his readers that the devil is in fact alive and well and we need to be alert to his prowling.

 

In verse 9 Peter says to “resist him”, meaning the devil.  How do we resist?  “By standing firm in the faith”, that means “by trusting in Jesus”.  Trusting in Jesus means to constantly being aware of Him, speaking to Him, even thinking our thoughts to Him.  

 

Peter then says that those who are reading this letter should not think that they are the only ones that need to watch out for the devil.  All Christians throughout the world are facing the same difficulties.  Peter most likely viewed the persecution that Christians faced was from the devil, because of the effective spread of the gospel.

 

So we see that this persecution was a form of an attack from the devil.  Yet we have also noted that this was a form of judgment from God.  This means that God used the devil as a tool for judgment.  God always uses the devil as a tool, and especially for judgment.  This will really be apparent at the end of this age. 

 

Before Peter makes his closing statement he says, “the God of all grace, who called you into His eternal glory in Christ, after you have suffered a little while, will Himself restore you and make you strong, firm and steadfast.  To Him be the power for ever and ever. Amen. (ch. 5:10 - 11)  Peter states that God is the God of all grace. All grace flows from Him to all people, but as all New Testament writers believed, this grace and the subsequent eternal glory could only be found in Christ.  Once again, Jesus is what makes Christians different than anyone else. 

 

Yet before we reach our eternal glory some of us will suffer.  These people were obviously suffering.  Not all Christians in history have suffered to the same extent.  Some have suffered very little, but those to whom Peter was speaking to suffered a lot.  Their eternal reward would be great as a result. 

 

I imagine some believers in Peter’s day fell away.  They could not withstand the trials.  I wonder about Christians who have not suffered like those people.  They did not have such severe trials to test their trust in Jesus.  I wonder why they get off so easy.  Some of them, if they had of gone through these same trials might not have made it.  This is where the rewards in Heaven come in.  For those who have suffered much will inherit much.

 

Yet even though some of us have not suffered unto death, God does test each persons trust in Jesus to one degree or other.  Not one Christian has lived without this test. It is only a part of the Christian life, and not all pass the tests. 

 

   

Final Greetings (ch. 5:12 - 14)

 

In verse 12 we learn that Silas helped Peter write this letter.  Obviously Silas had good writing skills.  Silas was also a good friend of Paul’s and was surely influenced by Paul, so it is quite probable that Silas’ input into this letter was a reflection of Paul’s thinking.  I personally believe you can see Paul in Peter’s letter.

 

Peter’s intent in writing was to show the true grace of God and to encourage his readers to stand steadfast in His grace.  By using the word stand, Peter is saying that his readers should not fall under the pressure of their present trials.  Standing denotes strength. 

 

In verse 13 Peter says, “she who is in Babylon … sends you greetings”.  The question arises, “what does Peter mean by Babylon ”?  There was a Babylon in Egypt which is not likely what Peter is speaking of.  Was it the ancient city of Babylon in present day Iraq ?  That is questionable for numerous reasons.  Many early Christians felt that Peter was using the word Babylon symbolically for the city of Rome .  He did not want to make it known where he was writing from for reason of persecution.  Rome was like Babylon of old.  It was rich, luxurious, and filled with pleasurable and worldly things to do.  So Peter might well be saying that the church in Rome send greetings.  Christians in his day would have recognized what he meant, but the none Christian would not have known what he meant.  It is interesting to note that Peter was executed in Rome within a couple of years.

 

In 2 Tim. 4:11 Paul asks Timothy to bring Mark to Rome .  Tradition has it that once Mark came to Rome , he linked himself with Peter.  Mark seems to be to Peter what  Timothy was to Paul.  Thus Mark sends his greetings along with Peter.

 

Christians often greeted each other in those days with a kiss.  So it is not unusual for Peter to say, “greet one another with a kiss of love”. 

 

Peter ends his letter by saying, “peace to all of you who are in Christ”.  These people were not experiencing outward peace in their lives.  Jesus never promised outward peace.  He promised inward peace.  these people surely needed that inward peace that came from Jesus.  They lived in torment.  Many died at the hands of Roman soldiers with the peace of Jesus found in their hearts and souls.  Peter himself was one of those who were executed for his trust in Jesus by the Romans.

 

     

 

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