About Jesus    Steve Sweetman

www.stevesweetman.com

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Chapters 21:37 to 22:29

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ch. 21:37 - 22:21    ch. 22:22-29

Paul Speaks To The Crowd  (ch. 21:37 – 22:21)

As the soldier took Paul into the barracks he asked the commander if he could speak to him. The commander was evidently surprised by Paul speaking Greek.  All along he had assumed that Paul was some Egyptian terrorist leader who had caused problems before.

Paul therefore clarifies who he is.  He says, “I am a Jew, from Tarsus, in Cilicia, a citizen from no ordinary city. Please let me speak to the people”.  (ch 21:39)

We note here that Paul is saying that he is not this Egyptian that the captain thought he was.  In fact he was a Jew, not an Egyptian.  Beyond that, he was a Roman Jew, born in Tarsus , the capital city of the Roman province of Cilicia.  Paul was both Jew and Roman by birth.

The captain therefore let Paul speak to the mob.

Paul had just spoken to the captain in Greek, surprising the captain, now he speaks to the Jewish mob in Aramaic, surprising them.  Paul was a well educated man, and if he had not become a Christian most likely would have been a very influential  man in Judaism and also in society.    For those Christians today who put down education, they should take a serious look at Paul.      

Paul tells the crowd the he is a Jew fromTarsus, but was raised in Jerusalem as a young man, and learned in great detail the Law from Gamaliel.  Gamaliel was a member of the Sanhedrin, the ruling Jewish council.  He was a Pharisee, and a very well respected and important Jewish teacher of the Law.  Paul was taught by this very influential man, and he wants the mob to know this.  He not only was thoroughly instructed in Jewish Law, but he himself was just as zealous as these Jews, to the extent that he persecuted members of “the way”, imprisoning not only men, but women as well.  Concerning being a Jew, you could not find a better Jew than Paul.

Paul tells these people that if you don’t believe me, you can ask the high priest.  They most likely still remembered giving Paul letters of authority to do these things.

Paul continues by reporting to the crowd how he met Jesus on the road to Damascus, as he was getting ready to arrest Christians in that city.  He tells the people when he was smitten to the ground by the bright light and a voice calls out to him. “Saul Saul, why do you persecute me”?

In response Paul says, “Who are you, Lord”?  See my notes in chapter nine concerning these words.  Paul was basically asking, “who are you?  Are you the Lord God of Israel”? 

The voice then replied, “I am Jesus of Nazareth, whom you are persecuting”.  This should remind you of the words that Jesus said, “when you do this to the least of these, you do it to me”.  This means that whatever one does to a Christian, whether good or bad, you are in fact doing that to Jesus Himself.

Paul continues by saying that his companions saw the light but did not understand the voice.  See also my notes on chapter 9 for further details and the so-called apparent discrepancies in this account to the account in chapter 9.

Paul recalls how the Lord told him to go into Damascus where he would come in contact with a man named Ananias. 

We see something about Ananias that we did not see in chapter 9.  Paul says that he “was a devout observer of the Law”.  This is interesting, the one who prayed for him to receive his sight and the Holy Spirit was a good Jew, as well as a Christian. Yet in these early days, the teaching on the relationship of the Law to Grace was not yet developed and thought through.  This would come later with the teaching of Paul.

In verse 14 Paul speaks of the word of prophecy Ananias gave him.  The prophecy stated, “the God of our fathers has chosen you to know his will and to see the Righteous One, and to hear words from His mouth.  You will be His witness to all men of what you have seen and heard.  And now what are you waiting for?  Get up be baptized and wash your sins away, calling on His name. (ch.22:14 - 16)

Here we see Paul’s commission from Jesus, or at least part of it.  We see that the God who spoke to him was the God of his forefathers, the God of the Jews.  Yet the voice said that it was Jesus who was speaking.  Right away, we see the understanding of God had changed.  Yes, He was still the God of the Jews, as they always knew Him, but know He was also the God of Jesus, in fact  Jesus Himself. The God of the Jews was now Jesus.

The prophecy says that Paul would see the Righteous One, that is Jesus, and hear words from His mouth.  On the road to Damascus that day Paul did hear words from the mouth of Jesus.  But the words did not end there.  Paul had received many words, and many visions directly from Jesus Himself.  This is why I have always said, that “Paul is the Moses of the New Testament”.  What Moses meant to the Jews of the Old Testament, Paul means to us Christians in the New Testament.

Paul was to give witness both by word and action to what he has seen and heard from Jesus.  But before he could do that he had to be water baptized and wash his sins away, and so he was immediately baptized in water.

In verse 17 we see something that we don’t see anywhere else in Paul’s writing.  While in  Jerusalem, soon after his conversion he saw a vision from Jesus.  Jesus told him to “leave Jerusalem immediately, because they will not accept your testimony about me”.  The reality of Paul becoming a Christian and the prophetic word concerning the hardships Paul would go through as a result, would now begin to set in.

Paul replied to what the Lord told him by suggesting that everything should be okay with his fellow Jews.  They knew well that he went from house to house arresting all the Christians he could find.  Furthermore, he was with the people who killed Stephen and approved of it.  Paul was basically telling the Lord  that everything should be fine because they knew him, knew his zeal for the Law, and if he changed in such dramatic fashion, then this was sufficient for the rest to change. 

But this would not be the case.  Paul’s reasoning was faulty.  So the Lord responded by saying, “Go, I will send you far away to the Gentiles”.  Here we see from the very beginning days of Paul’s new life as a Christian that his ministry would extend to the Gentile world, far away from the Jews and Jerusalem.

 

Paul The Roman Citizen (ch. 22:22 - 29)

Luke says that the  crowd listened to Paul until he said that Jesus told him to go to the Gentiles.  This infuriated  the crowd.  They had little to no respect for Gentiles, especially since they were under their political rule. They yelled out, “rid the earth of him (Paul), He is not fit to live!”

As the custom was when Jewish people were being insulted, the crowd took off their coats and flung dust in the air with them.  This resulted in Paul being taken into the barracks to be flogged.  Yet when they were about to beat him he asked, “is it legal for you to flog a Roman citizen who hasn’t been found guilty”.

When the soldier who was ready to flog Paul heard these words from Paul he immediately went to the commander to see what should be done.

The commander of the soldiers then went to Paul personally and asked if he was indeed a Roman citizen.  Paul said that he was.  The commander said that he had to buy his citizenship.  Paul replied by saying that he was born a Roman. Luke records that once the commander found out that Paul was a Roman, “he was alarmed”. (ch. 22:29)

We need to note here that simply arresting and detaining Paul was against the Roman Law since he was a Roman citizen.  Flogging him would be a worse crime.  There were always 2 floggers, one on each side of the prisoner.  The strap consisted of many heavy threaded strips.  At the end of each heavy thread was a piece of metal or stone.  When the strap hit the one being flogged it would rip the flesh resulting in much bleeding.

The intent of such flogging was to break down the will of the person so he would respond with the truth to the person questioning him.  Thus  after Paul was to be flogged, he would have been questioned by the commander.

When a prisoner was scourged, his feet and hands were tied to a ring on the floor.  His stomach rested on a heavy pillar that was placed horizontally to the floor.  This would expose the bare back of the person being flogged.  This was one way that the Romans beat a person.

You might ask yourself, “anyone could claim to be a Roman just to get out of trouble with the Law”.  If someone claimed to be a Roman and was found that he wasn’t, he would be put to death.  So people did take their claims of citizenship seriously.

Paul was born a Roman.  The captain of the guards bought his Roman citizenship.  This meant that Paul’s citizenship was more respected than the captain of the guards citizenship.

One thing to note here is that Paul used his civil rights to defend himself.  Some suggest that Christians should not use any of their civil rights to help them in any negative situation they find themselves in.  Paul was a humble man, but he was not to be a door mat.  He had rights, and he used these rights when he felt that he should.  In this situation Paul used his citizenship rights to defend himself.  In most cases, those of us who live in the western world still have civil rights.  I see no problem standing up for our rights, even in a court of law.  This might not always be the case since it seems to me that Christians bit by bit are losing their civil rights.

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