About Jesus    Steve Sweetman

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ch. 14:1-7    ch. 14:8-20    ch. 14:21-28

 

 In Iconium (ch. 14:1 - 7)

Verse one confirms what we have said about Paul’s way of ministry.  It says that “Paul and Barnabas went as usual into the Jewish synagogue” to preach.   To me it is interesting to note that even though Paul said that he was going to take the gospel to the Gentiles in the last chapter, the first thing he does in Iconium is to go to the Jewish synagogue.  He must still feel that the synagogue is a good place to start preaching when entering a new city.

Luke says that Paul and Barnabas spoke “so effectively that a number of Jews and Gentiles believed”.  Two things to note here.  One is that the way Luke puts it, both Paul and Barnabas did the speaking.  The second thing is his mentioning of “effective speaking”.  Luke is basically saying that they did a great job in delivering the message, although we know that behind this great message was the Holy Spirit.

As in everywhere Paul and Barnabas went, some Jews did not believe their message.  In this  case those “who refused” to believe, as Luke puts it, “stirred up the Gentiles and poisoned their minds against the brothers”.  This time the Jews didn’t stir up other Jews, but they stirred up Gentiles.

Verse 3 tells us that Paul and Barnabas stayed around Iconium for a while preaching the gospel, confirming what they were saying with miraculous signs. 

At this point the whole city was divided, some for the Jews and some for the apostles.  This is the first mention that Paul was considered an apostle.

Both Jews and Gentiles decided that they would stone Paul and Barnabas.  Somehow the two men found out about this plot and fled to Lystra where they continued to preach the good news of Jesus.   Thus God's will for Paul, that is, a suffering preacher is well underway. 

 

In Lystra And Derbe (ch 14:8 - 20)

While preaching in Lystra Paul glanced over to see a man that was lame from birth.  Luke notes that Paul felt that this man “had faith to be healed”.   Paul did not pray for him, nor did he lay hands on this man.  He simply said, “Stand up on your feet”. (ch. 14:10) 

This event tells us a few things.  One thing is that Paul had the ability to bring healing to this man.  He did not ask Jesus to heal him, but as Jesus’ representative, acting in the place of Jesus, Paul just pronounced this man healed. Obviously Paul had the gift of healing, one of the gifts of the Holy Spirit. 

The fact that Paul just said the word and the man was healed tells us that there is no real formula when it comes to healing.  Sometimes a simple word is said, as in this case, and as in the case of Peter and the lame man in chapter 3.  Sometimes people lay hands on the sick and they are healed.  Sometimes there is special prayer to the Lord that brings forth the healing. 

There is a differences between this man being healed and the lame man in chapter 3.  In chapter 3 Peter pronounced healing, yet it appears that it was Peter’s faith that caused the man to be healed.  In this case, Paul saw that the lame man had faith to be healed.  So once again, there is no special formula. One man had faith, one man didn’t seem to have faith.

Verse 11 says that those who saw this miracle felt that the “gods had come down in human form”. “Barnabas, they called Zeus, and Paul they called Hermes”.  This miracle so impressed the people that even the priest of Zeus’s temple brought bulls to sacrifice to Paul.  These are pretty important Greek gods, but that did not mean anything to Paul and Barnabas.   Paul and Barnabas had a choice to make here.  They could have accepted the superstar mentality of the crowd and have it go to their heads, or they could have, as they did, deflected it to follow Jesus.  In our superstar Christian mentality today, many would not have done that.     

The reason why they called Paul Hermes was because “he was the chief spokesman”.  So we see here that Paul was indeed the one who did most of the speaking.

Paul and Barnabas’ response to this worship of themselves was seen in a traditional act of ripping their clothes.  Most likely they ripped their inner tunic, which would be a thinner material than their outer cloak.  They would rip it from top downward about 6 inches or so.  This would signify to others that something blasphemous  had occurred to them.  Being thought of as gods was intolerable  to Paul and Barnabas. 

Upon ripping their tunic, they ran out into the street and told the crowd that they were just men, and nothing more. Paul said, “we are bringing you good news, telling you to turn from these worthless things to the living God.”  What were the worthless things Paul was telling these people to turn from?  The worthless things were the very gods they claim Paul and Barnabas to be.  These people should stop their worship of multiple gods and worship the one and only true God who created all things.

Verse 16 is interesting.  It says, “in the past, He has let all nations go their own way”.  Paul says that God has stepped back, at least to some degree, from the affairs of nations.  He has let them go their own way.  This is similar to what Paul says in Romans 1 and 2 when he tells his readers that God has given sinful men over to their sin.  In both of these cases God has basically said, “if that is the direction you want to go, then go, but you will reap the consequences of your decision”. 

If God has let nations go their own way in the past, it appears to me that He could do the same today.  He won’t make nations or individuals do His will, but for those who do want to follow Him, He will take care of them.

Yet even when God steps back from nations, He has not stepped back to the degree that He commands the rain not to fall, or the sun not to shine.  God in His kindness, Paul says, still blesses nations with these important things of nature.  Thus there is no such thing as “mother nature”.  God is behind nature. 

Remember Paul is speaking to Gentiles at this moment of time.  He speaks of things that they would understand.  He does not talk to them about the Law of Moses or Jewish history.  He speaks to them about the rain, and crops in the field.  These are things that these people would understand.  This is important for those who want to preach the gospel.  It is important in your preaching to use analogies that those to whom you are preaching to will understand, and that varies from place to place, and culture to culture.   

Yet in verse 18 Luke records that the people still had a hard time not wanting to sacrifice to Paul and Barnabas. 

The crowd must have been pretty fickle because Luke tells us that some Jews from Antioch and Iconium came and won them over to their side.  This resulted in Paul being stoned by the very same crowd that wanted to sacrifice to him.  They thought they had killed Paul so they dragged him outside the city.  Yet he wasn’t dead.  When certain brothers gathered around Paul, he got up and went back into the city for the evening and left for Derbe the next day.    

The Return To Antioch Syria (ch. 14:21 - 28)

At this point Paul and Barnabas head back to Antioch in Syria where they started out.  Luke records that they won a large number of disciples in Derbe.  After leaving Derbe, they headed back to Lystra and Iconium, encouraging and strengthening the people they had won to Jesus.

Luke calls these Christians disciples.  The simplest definition of a disciple is one who is in the process of learning.  Of course these people would be learning from the Lord Jesus Himself.  Paul specifically encouraged them to “remain in the faith”.  This would suggest to me that if he wanted these people to remain in the faith, it may be possible for them to leave the faith.  If this indeed is the case, then the doctrine of “once saved always saved” is not right.  If we enter salvation by faith, and then we lay aside this faith, then logically speaking, we lay aside our salvation as well.  As I have always said, “only faith gets us saved, not good works, and only laying aside our faith, not bad works gets us unsaved. 

"Staying in the faith" simply means to continue on trusting Jesus because faith is trust.  I believe in today's world we've lost the true meaning of faith.  We still know what trust means, and I like the word trust better than faith at this point for this very reason.  Not that the word "faith" is no longer acceptable, because it is.  We need to be re-educated when it comes to the meaning of faith, and many other words as well that have lost their original meaning.    

In verse 22 Paul and Barnabas told these new converts that “we must go through many hardships to enter the Kingdom of God ”.  For Christians in those days, hardship due to persecution was the normal experience.  These people saw Paul and Barnabas being driven out of their cities.  They saw, or at least new of Paul being stoned.  If this could happen to Paul and Barnabas, it could surely happen to them.  Becoming a Christian for these people was a real commitment.  It was not just another activity to add to a busy life. 

It may be debatable to know just what Kingdom of God Paul is speaking of here.  Is it the future heavenly kingdom, or the present day kingdom.  Both kingdoms are seen in the New Testament.  Whatever the case, Paul knew from personal experience that if the kingdom of God would be seen on earth, Christians would suffer in demonstrating this kingdom.  If he is speaking of a future kingdom, the same is true.  Before entering into the next life, Christians would endure hardship because of the name of Jesus.

Christians are to represent to the world the Kingdom of God.  God's kingdom is foreign to the world because it is presently a spiritual kingdom, yet when Jesus returns the Messianic Kingdom will be set up on earth and Jesus will rule from Jerusalem.  

Another reason why Paul and Barnabas came back to these cities was to “appoint” elders.  The word “appoint” here is translated from the Greek word “cheirotoneo”. This word literally means “to stretch forth ones hand”.  This word was used in the Greek world for the voting process.   Did Paul and Barnabas have a congregational vote?  We don’t know the answer to this for sure. Some commentators say there was a vote.  I do believe we can safely say that the disciples had a say into who were to be elders or else Luke would not have used this Greek word.  It appears then that Paul and Barnabas saw those  who were actually caring for God’s people and affirmed them.  That was normally what Paul did. Remember, Paul and Barnabas had returned to Antioch.  They were there before. So sufficient time would have lapsed for elders to have been naturally raised up.  All of the disciples would have concurred with Paul and Barnabas that these men should be recognized as elders. 

Also note that after Paul and Barnabas prayed and fasted for these elders they left the city and also left these people in the hands of the Lord.  For those who believe in strong apostolic authority we should see that Paul could not be with these people very often.  He had to  leave them in the hands of the Lord. We thus should know that apostolic authority has its limitations.  In the final analysis the Lord is the one who causes the disciples to mature.  

Note that they chose more than one elder.  The leadership of the local church consisted of a body of men.  The local church was not led by one man.  This was how Paul structured all of the churches he was involved in.  This is the first time appointing elders are mentioned in the book of Acts.

If you want to know what qualifications an elder must possess, you can read 1 Tim. 3 where Paul lays out what kind of man an elder must be. 

Luke says that elders were appointed “for the church”.  To me this suggest the role of elders is a serving job, and not a job of prestige.  

After appointing these elders there was a time of prayer and fasting for these men.  Luke says that they “committed  these men to the Lord, in whom they had put their trust”.  Paul and Barnabas would leave these cities not knowing when or if ever they would return.  The best they could do was to appoint elders and hand over the situation to the Lord Jesus.  This is what is meant when Luke points out that after ordaining these men, they put their trust in the Lord.  As I've said before, Paul put his trust in Jesus to keep these people in the faith. We too often today put our faith in ourselves to keep people in the faith.  

Paul and Barnabas worked their way back to Antioch in Syria where they were first commissioned to go out on their trip.  They gathered the whole church together and told them the Lord had “opened the door of faith to the Gentiles”. (ch. 14:27) 

Luke records that upon completing their work, that is their trip, they stayed in Antioch for a long time. It is thought that Paul and Barnabas spent from the fall of 51 AD to the spring of 52 AD in Antioch.

 

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