About Jesus    Steve Sweetman

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ch. 16:1-5     ch. 16:6-10    ch. 16:11-15    ch. 16:16-40

 

Timothy Joins Paul And Silas  (ch. 16: 1 - 5)

Paul left Antioch and headed west as was decided between Paul and Barnabas.  He and Silas passed through Derbe and then went to Lystra.  Paul had been in both of these cities on his first trip.  While in Lystra he met up with Timothy, who Paul most likely led to the Lord on his first trip. The reason why I say this is because Paul calls him “his son”, as in “son in Christ”.  (see 1 Cor. 4:17, 1 Tim. 1:2 and 18, 2 Tim. 1:2)

It is obvious that Timothy grew up in a mixed marriage since his mother was Jewish and his father a Greek.  His mother must not have been a faithful Jew since she married a Gentile and also since Timothy was not circumcised as a baby. 

Paul must have seen growth in Timothy because he wanted Timothy to come along with them on their trip, yet before leaving town Paul had Timothy circumcised.  Why did Paul do such a thing when he put no importance on circumcision?  Luke tells us that Paul had Timothy circumcised because there were many Jews in this region.  Paul only had Timothy circumcised to make him more acceptable to the Jews, thus making ministry easier for them.  This operation had nothing to do with Timothy’s salvation, or his growth as a Christian.  It was only a practical matter that would only help spread the gospel.  To Paul whether one was circumcised or not, it did not really matter.  There was no big deal with Timothy getting circumcised, as long as there was no hint of this having anything to do with his salvation.

One might ask, “how would people know if Timothy was circumcised or not”?  Luke tells us the answer.  In verse 3 he says that “everyone knew that his father was a Greek”, therefore everyone would naturally believe he was not circumcised.  Maybe, if Timothy had a Jewish father Paul would not have had him get circumcised.

One thing that Paul did as he went through these cities was to deliver the Acts 15 letter to the churches.  Paul wanted to make it very clear that the Gentiles would not need to associate themselves with the Mosaic Law.  The Law had nothing to do with them, and he used the letter to support his teaching.

Luke closes this section by saying that the churches were very encouraged and grew in numbers.

 

Paul’s Vision Of The Man Of Macedonia (ch. 16 :6 - 10)

Verse 6 says that Paul and his companions traveled  through Phrygia and Galatia.  That would have been a northward direction from Lystra and Derbe, and the Mediterranean Sea .  It appears that they then wanted to go west into the province of Asia, but the Holy Spirit kept them from preaching in Asia, so they continued northward to the Mysia and Bythinia border.  Once again, as Luke puts it, “the Spirit of Jesus would not allow” them to keep going in that direction, so they turned westwards towards Troas.

In one incident the Holy Spirit told Paul and his friends not to preach in Asia .  How and to whom the Holy Spirit told this to we don’t know.  Luke only says the Holy Spirit did not want them to preach.  This does tell us that there may be the odd occasion where the Lord does not want us to preach the good news.

Then a second incident tells us that the “Spirit of Jesus” told them not to go into Bythinia.  To whom He told this to and why, we don’t know.  Once again, the Lord intervened and changed the direction that these men were going.

It has often been said that we should not be stagnant as Christians.  We should just go ahead and do something for the Lord, and if He wants to change our direction He will let us know somehow.  The people who say this tell us that it is easier to steer a ship that is moving than one that is not moving.  This appears to be the case with Paul and those with him. That being said, I'm not saying Paul and his friends just up and left on their trip without consulting the Lord and thinking He wanted them to on their journey.   

Note that the “Spirit of Jesus” told these men not to go into Bythinia.  We can conclude then that the Holy Spirit and the Spirit of Jesus are one in the same.  This shows you the “oneness” between the Holy Spirit and Jesus, which is part of the argument for what we call the Trinity.

Luke records that while in Troas, a coastal city, Paul had a vision of a man from Macedonia.  The man told Paul to come over to Macedonia and help them out. So the company of men figured that the Lord wanted them to go to Macedonia to preach the gospel.  This could have been the reason why the Lord told them not to spend time preaching in Asia and Bythinia.  He wanted them to keep going west, all the way to Macedonia.

 

Lydia ’s Conversation In Phillippi (ch. 16:11 - 15)

Paul, and those with him sailed northward and then took a road inland to Philippi .  Luke says that they stayed several days in this city.  On the Sabbath they went outside of town by a river “where they expected to find a place of prayer”.  When Luke uses the words “place of prayer” he is speaking about a particular place where Jews would come to pray and worship.  Where there were not sufficient Jews in a locality to have a synagogue, they would meet outside somewhere and call it a place of prayer.  In order for a Jewish community to have their own synagogue there had to be at least 10 Jewish men who were in that community.  It is clear then, that there were not 10 Jewish men living in Philippi.

So as Paul’s practice was, he found Jews on the Sabbath and would speak to them.  This time he found a few women and he proceeded to speak to them.  One particular woman was named Lydia, a business person from Thyatira. 

Luke says in verse 14 that Lydia was a “worshipper of God”.  We have commented on this phrase before.  Luke is saying that Lydia was a Gentile convert to Judaism.  While Paul was speaking, “the Lord opened her heart” and was subsequently water baptized. It is clear then that she became a disciple of Jesus as Paul spoke. 

Philippi is considered a European city, thus Lydia, a woman,  was the first European Christian.

To me it is interesting to note the phrase, “the Lord opened her heart to respond”. Over the centuries there has been much debate over what is God’s part and what is man’s part in the conversion process.  I do not believe in predestination.  So I believe man has a part to play in the conversion process.  Yet on the other hand God, by His Spirit has a real part to play as well.  You see His part here, and that is “opening the heart” of the unbeliever so that he or she can “respond”.  From birth our hearts are closed, locked up from the presence of God.  Only the Spirit of God can unlock our hearts and open the door to our hearts.  Once that door is open, and we see the light of the Lord shining through, that is the gospel, then it is our choice to “respond”.  As with Lydia, she responded in a positive way. 

This tells me how we can pray for the unbeliever.  I often hear people praying that Jesus will save a particular unbeliever.  Of course He wants that person saved.  He has already done all the work necessary for that person to be saved, but He can’t make them be saved.  That is their choice.  He can encourage them to be saved, by “opening their heart’s door” to the gospel.  This means  that the Holy Spirit can speak to the heart of the unbeliever so he can hear the clear gospel and decide for himself.  So the prayer we should be praying is that God would open the door to the unbelievers heart, and that the Holy Spirit would speak to that particular person and help and guide him through the salvation process if he so decides that is what he wants.

It appears that the rest of Lydia ’s family became Christians as well since Luke tells us that they were all baptized in water. 

Luke records that all of Lydia’s household was baptized.  Who would have been a part of her household?  It would have included servants as well as relatives, and children living with her.  The fact that her whole household was baptized has caused much debate.  The question is asked, “did any infant children get baptized”.  The answer to this question is not really known.  For those who believe in “infant baptism”, they would say yes, there were little children here being baptized.  For those who don’t believe in “infant baptism”, they would say that there were no children present, and if there were, they did not get baptized.  But if this was the case, then her “whole household” did not get baptized.  Because of the measure of speculation involved, it is very difficult to conclude from this Scripture alone the validity of “infant baptism”. Besides, we do not know whether there were any children in her household at the time.

This section closes with Lydia inviting these men to stay at her place, but only if they consider her a real believer.

Once again, Lydia, a woman was the first Christian in European Rome.  When Paul first came to this place of prayer, and saw only a few women, he did not seem to be discouraged.  He preached to these few women, and just imagine what this little gathering of people produced.  It set the stage for centuries of Christian activity, and millions of people finding faith in Jesus throughout Europe and the rest of the world.

 

Paul And Silas In Prison (ch. 16:16 - 40)

Verse 16 says, “once when we were going to the place of prayer…” meaning that Paul and his company often went their to speak about Jesus.  On this one occasion they met up with a “slave girl who had a spirit”.   Through this spirit this girl would predict the future, thus making lots of money for her owners. 

This girl kept on following Paul around for days saying that these men are servants of the most high God.  This obviously became very irritating to Paul so he turned to the girl, and told the spirit to come out of her.  The spirit immediately came out of the girl. Notice that Paul did not cast this spirit out upon first seeing this girl.  It took many days for him to get upset enough to do this.  His suggests to me that Paul didn't cast every demon out of people that he saw. 

Verse 20 tells us that there were in fact more than one owner of this slave girl, and when they found out what Paul had done they were so upset that they dragged Paul and Silas into the market place.  Note that both Timothy, and Luke, who was now with them did not get dragged off for some reason.

The owners brought Paul and Silas before “the magistrates” and told them that these men were Jews, and that they were teaching things that should not be taught to Romans.  Once the crowd in the marketplace heard what was happening they joined in the attack.  The magistrates then decided to strip the two men and beat them. Verse 23  tells us that once they were beaten they were thrown into prison. They were put into an “inner cell” and “fastened” their feet together. 

Verse 25 says that “about midnight Paul and Silas were praying and singing hymns”.  Then all of a sudden there was an earthquake that shook the prison to its core causing the doors to the cells to open and the chains to fall off all of the prisoners.

As we have discussed earlier, Roman guards were responsible for keeping their prisoners in jail and if one escaped the guard would be punished by death.  Knowing  that the prisoners were now able to leave on their own accord the guard pulled out a knife to kill himself, but Paul quickly told him not to take such drastic measures because no one had escaped.

Obviously the Lord used this event to bring salvation to this guard.  He was so overtaken with the event that he ran to Paul and Silas and asked “ sirs, what must I do to be saved”?  This man asked the right question.  He knew why Paul and Silas were in jail.  He knew it had to do with this teaching called salvation.  He now knew, because of this miracle, that what these men were saying was true.  Thus once again we see the miraculous moving of the Lord in the  book of Acts.

It is interesting to note the word “sirs” in this verse.  The Greek word “kurios” is the word translated as “sirs”. This Greek word is the word for our English word “lord”, which is used concerning our “Lord” Jesus.  The jailer must have been thinking that Paul and Silas were two very extra ordinary men.

In response to the guards question Paul says, “believe in the Lord Jesus and you will be saved, - you and your household”. This is one of those often misunderstood verses.  Paul told this man that the way to being saved was for him to put his full trust in Jesus for salvation in all of is varying aspects.  This is important to the context.  The only way that this man would receive God’s salvation was for him to put his trust in Jesus.  Therefore when it comes to the rest of his family, the same rule would have to apply to them.  They were not saved because of the fathers faith.  Each person in this man’s household came to salvation after they heard the Word of God.  Each person believed for themselves. This verse, especially in light of the rest of the Bible does not teach “household” salvation because of one person’s faith in that household.  You also cannot claim salvation for members of your family and use this verse to back up your claim.  The Lord is not obligated to make people believe who don’t want to believe because a father or mother has faith.  Each person must come to faith in their own heart.

It is clear from what Luke writes that Paul and Silas were taken home by the guard, they were washed, fed, and their cuts and bruises were attended to.  At this time Paul and Silas spoke the Word of the Lord to the other family members who also believed and they all were baptized in water.

Verse 34 says that the guard “was filled with joy because he had come to believe in God – he and his whole family”.  This verse is important to what I have just said concerning household salvation.  Luke says that this man had come to believe, and also that “his whole family” had come to believe.  This says it clearly, that is, each member of the family believed for themselves. 

It is apparent that once the family members were baptized the guard took Paul and Silas back to prison, most likely because they did not want any harm to come to this new believer.  When daylight came the guard was told by the authorities to release Paul and Silas.

Paul could have easily slipped out and went on his way preaching the gospel to others, but this was not the case.  Verse 37 gives Paul’s reply to his release.  It says, “they beat us publicly without a trial, even though we are Roman citizens, and threw us into prison.  And now do they want to get rid of us quietly?  Let them come themselves and escort us out”. 

There are some things to note here.  Both Paul and Silas were Romans.  Do you remember when Paul and Barnabas split up and Paul decided to take Silas?  We noted then that the choice of Silas was wise since he was a Roman and Barnabas wasn’t.  Seeing what just happened, maybe the split resulting in Silas going with Paul was God’s will after all.

The point here is that by Roman Law, a Roman citizen could not be beaten.  A major injustice had been done against both Paul and Silas.  Paul was standing up for his legal rights.  He was not being a poor humble Paul and just walking away.  He was exerting his rights as a citizen.  To me this is important.  Christians do not always need to take a back seat and be second class citizens.  If our legal rights are being discriminated against, we can follow in Paul’s footsteps and demand our rights. 

The authorities both beat and imprisoned Paul and Silas.  They beat them, which was against the law, and put them in jail without even a trial.  Yes, the authorities did not appear to know that these men were Romans, but if a proper trial would have been arranged, that would have been one of the first things to be dealt with. 

Paul therefore was going to make this point clear.  If they were publicly beaten, then they would be publicly released, and by the same authorities that put them in jail, not some man under their authority.

When the authorities heard that Paul and Silas were Romans, they were afraid and came immediately to appease the 2 prisoners.  They kept asking Paul and Silas to leave the city. The reason why the authorities were trying to get Paul and Silas out of town quickly is because Paul and Silas could have brought charges against these men.  They chose not to do that.  My guess was that Paul would rather go and preach than to spend time in a court case.

They did not leave town immediately. They first went to visit Lydia and other brothers.  It appears that once a meeting was called where Paul and Silas encouraged the brothers, then, and only then did they leave town.

 

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